The 1999 presidential elections were won by the UCR candidate, Fernando de la Rúa (* 1937, † 2019). Renewed financial crises at the end of 2000 and 2001 as well as a recession that has persisted since 1999 made it difficult to reduce the national debt. IMF loans and a debt rescheduling and austerity program announced by de la Rúa in the summer of 2001 were unable to end the economic and financial crisis, which at the end of 2001 developed into a national crisis. After demonstrations and protests by the population against the government as well as serious unrest (especially in Buenos Aires), President de la Rúa resigned on December 20, 2001. On December 30, 2001, the congress elected Eduardo A. Duhalde (* 1941) from PJ to provisional president. To overcome the financial crisis, Duhalde announced a departure from the free market economy; At the same time, an emergency law was passed by Congress, which gave the government extensive powers to reorganize public finances, and promulgated a program to revitalize the economy.
In the presidential election on April 27, 2003, none of the candidates was able to achieve the necessary absolute majority. However, since Menem withdrew his candidacy a few days before the runoff election, the Peronist and former provincial governor of Santa Cruz, N. C. Kirchner, was sworn in as the new president on May 25, 2003. He was quickly popularized by a number of measures: changes at the top of the military and federal police and parliamentary investigative procedures, with which part of the by Menem appointed Chief Justice was replaced. He also gave high priority to the fight against corruption and the investigation and processing of human rights violations during the military dictatorship. In August 2003, the amnesty laws that had existed since 1983 for crimes such as kidnapping, torture and murder committed under the military dictatorship 1976–83 were repealed. This made criminal proceedings against former police and military members possible.
In the elections between April and November 2003, the PFY won a large majority in both houses of Congress. Kirchner benefited from a steady and unexpectedly successful economic consolidation. The majority of the Argentine government bonds that have not been serviced since 2001 could be rescheduled. When the old debts were restructured, a majority of the creditors accepted a capital cut of 60 to 70%. Despite the best personal poll results, which promised him an almost certain election victory, Kirchner had his wife Cristina Fernández de Kirchner nominated as the top candidate for the presidential elections in July 2007. She won the first ballot with 45.3% of the votes (took office: December 10, 2007).
The presidential camp suffered great losses in the partial elections to Congress on June 28, 2009 and no longer had a majority in both chambers. On October 27, 2010, N. C. Kirchner died unexpectedly, speculating about his renewed candidacy for the office of president. On December 22nd, 2010, a federal court sentenced ex-dictator J. R. Videla to life imprisonment for crimes against humanity; in another trial in 2012, he was sentenced to 50 years imprisonment.
In the presidential election on October 23, 2011, Cristina Fernández was with 54.1% of the votes confirmed by the population in office. In the partial parliamentary elections held at the same time, the government alliance won an absolute majority. In 2011/12 there were new foreign policy tensions with Great Britain over the question of sovereignty over the Falkland Islands. Argentina continued to suffer from its poor creditworthiness in the international capital markets and a lack of foreign exchange. In order to counteract this, the foreign exchange and import market was heavily regulated at the beginning of 2012. In March 2012, the Argentine government also enacted a reform of the central bank statutes, which gave it access to bank holdings that were previously considered inviolable reserves of crisis and security for the economy. On March 10, 2013, the residents of the Falkland Islands voted in a referendum with 99.8% of the votes, maintain the status of an autonomous British overseas territory. Argentina did not recognize the result and continued to claim the territory for themselves. In March 2013 Argentina received positive attention worldwide than with the previous Archbishop of Buenos Aires, Cardinal Jorge Mario Bergoglio, the first Argentine and at the same time the first Latin American to be elected Pope ( Francis, Pope ).
In June 2014, an appeal by Argentina to the US Supreme Court in a bond dispute with two hedge funds over outstanding foreign debt was unsuccessful. The court also ruled that Argentina will not be allowed to service its obligations under its previously restructured bond debt until the hedge funds are paid off. As a result, the country was practically denied access to the international capital markets. Visit fashionissupreme.com for Argentina as a destination country.
The presidential elections, in which Fernández de Kirchner could constitutionally no longer run, won on November 22nd, 2015 M. Macri , candidate of the conservative electoral alliance “Cambiemos” (German “Auf zum Wechsel”) and mayor of Buenos Aires. He did not manage to end the economic crisis. A quarter of the population lived in poverty in 2019, inflation was one of the highest in the world and the national currency peso lost almost 50 percent of its value against the US dollar.
The presidential election on October 27, 2019 brought a change of power to the Peronists. Macri lost to A. Fernández (who took office on December 10, 2019) and his vice-presidential candidate Cristina Kirchner , who had run with the Frente de Todos alliance. In the simultaneous partial election to Congress, the Frente de Todos won 64 of the 130 (of a total of 257) seats available for election in the Chamber of Deputies and 13 of the 24 (of a total of 72) seats to be newly elected in the Senate (Cambienos: 56 or eight).
